Dsm 5 anxiety disorders manual#

MBSR is a standardized group program of 8 weekly sessions lasting an average of 2.5В h combined with an additional silent retreat day. Another treatment option with promising evidence for alleviating anxiety symptoms in non-psychiatric samples 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 are mindfulness-based interventions such as Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction (MBSR), Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT), and Acceptance Commitment Therapy (ACT).

Patients with anxiety disorders report high rates of co-morbidity 6 and often suffer from disturbed sleep, headaches, depressed mood, gastrointestinal or cardiovascular problems 7, 8 leading to increasing costs of health care utilization and work loss 9.ДЄs the first-line treatment of anxiety disorders, clinical practice guidelines recommend psychological therapies, particularly Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) in preference to or in combination with pharmacotherapy 10, 11, 12. For most anxiety diagnoses, women are twice often affected than men 4, 5. Globally, the one-year prevalence of anxiety disorders ranges from 2.4% to 29.8% with a point prevalence of 7.3% 2, while subthreshold anxiety cases are even more common 3.

Dsm 5 anxiety disorders manual#

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) classifies anxiety disorders as Separation Anxiety Disorder, Selective Mutism, Social Anxiety Disorder, Panic Disorder, Agoraphobia, Specific Phobias, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder 1. Protocol registry: Registered at Prospero on November 3rd, 2017 (CRD42017076810).ДЄnxiety disorders differ from normative fear or anxiety by featuring exaggerated symptoms lasting persistently over a prolonged period of time that interfere with daily activities. Specific treatment effects exceeding those of placebo mechanisms remain unclear. The evidence suggests short-term anxiolytic effectsВ ofВ acceptance-В andВ mindfulness-based interventions.

Adverse events were reported insufficiently. Statistical heterogeneity was moderate to considerable. Effects on depression and quality of life showed similar trends. Analyses up to 6 and 12В months did not reveal significant differences compared to TAU or CBT. In comparison to Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), ACT and MBCT showed comparable effects on both anxiety outcomes, while MBSR showed significantly lower effects. ACT, MBCT and MBSR led to short-term effects on clinician- and patient-rated anxiety in addition to treatment as usual (TAU) versus TAU alone. We found 23 studies, mostly of unclear risk of bias, including 1815 adults with different DSM-5 anxiety disorders. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane tool. Standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for primary outcomes (anxiety) and secondary ones (depression and quality of life). Randomized controlled trials examining Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT), and Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) were searched via PubMed, Central, PsycInfo, and Scopus until June 2021. This meta-analysis systematically reviewed the evidence on standardized acceptance-/mindfulness-based interventions in DSM-5 anxiety disorders.